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Sensing of Biomolecules and Cells with Semiconductor Nanowires

Undergraduate #74
Discipline:
Subcategory: Electrical Engineering

Sesegma Rygzydmaeva - University of the District of Columbia


Nanotechnology has developed rapidly in the past couple of decades and by 2020 it will leave virtually no aspect of life untouched. Semiconductor Nanowires have several desirable features for designing nanoscale systems capable of interacting with and detecting biological systems and signaling processes for medical applications. The methodology is based on the detection of the local change in charge density (field effect) that characterizes the recognition event between a target molecule and the surface receptor. This class of sensors is called Field effect transistor-based biosensors (Bio-FETs) which are gated by biological molecules. When biological molecules bind to the FET gate they can change the gate charge distribution resulting in a change in conductance of the FET channel. The scope of this research is to engineer scalable and reproducible structure of semiconductor nanowires with good electrical performance to reduce short channel effect, increase current, improve sensitivity and normalize sensor responses. We review III-V compounds FETs such as InAs due to their higher electron mobility. In conclusion, through allowing the synthetic realization of complex modulations in NW composition, doping, defect, and topography, we shall reach the optimal results with a gate length less than 20 nm. Nanowire Bio-FETs allow for precise detection of different types of biomolecules and cells on a single chip.

Funder Acknowledgement(s): This research was supported by NSF/HRD1531014.

Faculty Advisor: Esther T. Ososanya, eososanya@udc.edu

Role: I conducted this research with my advisor Esther Ososanya

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This material is based upon work supported by the National Science Foundation (NSF) under Grant No. DUE-1930047. Any opinions, findings, interpretations, conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of its authors and do not represent the views of the AAAS Board of Directors, the Council of AAAS, AAAS’ membership or the National Science Foundation.

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