Discipline: Biological Sciences
Subcategory: Cancer Research
Aisha S. Hunt - Clark Atlanta University
Co-Author(s): Nathan Bowen and Jaideep Chaudhary, Clark Atlanta University, Atlanta, GA
2’ -5’ –oligoadenylate synthetase 1 (2-5 OAS1) is an antiviral enzyme that in the presence of double stranded RNA structures, such as viral genomes or single stranded RNA transcripts that possesses significant double stranded character, converts ATP to a series of 2’ -5’ –oligoadenylates (2-5A). 2-5A promotes dimerization of latent ribonuclease (RNASE L) to form catalytically active RNASEL, a candidate hereditary prostate cancer gene. RNASEL is also anti-proliferative and promotes senescence and apoptosis in prostate cancer cells. We hypothesize that OAS1 expression or enzyme activity required to generate an anti-tumor response is attenuated in prostate cancer due to single nucleotide polymorphisms that are also associated with race. We performed meta-analysis of candidate-gene and genome-wide association studies analyzing this relationship. The dbGaP studies utilized for our meta-analysis are the Multiethnic Genome-wide Scan of Prostate Cancer, containing 2,841 African-American samples (1,343 cases and 1,498 controls) and 1,660 Japanese/Latino samples (834 cases and 826 controls), as well as Cancer Genetic Markers of Susceptibility (CGEMS) Prostate Cancer-Primary Scan (Stage 1) – PLCO which contain 2,841 samples of European ancestry (1,172 cases and 1,157 controls). We utilized PLINK, a whole genome association analysis toolset, to extract frequencies on the SNPs in association with prostate cancer. In this study we analyze SNPs and various haplotype blocks that elucidate OAS1 and chromosome 12 as a susceptibility locus in prostate cancer.
Not SubmittedFunder Acknowledgement(s): This study was supported, in part, by grant: P20MD002285-01, Source: NIH/ NCMHD and in part by NIH/NCRR/RCMI G12RR03062.
Faculty Advisor: Jaideep Chaudhary, jchaudhary@cau.edu